<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span lang="EN-US" style="DISPLAY: none; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hide: all;"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span lang="EN-US" style="DISPLAY: none; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hide: all;"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">屏蔽布线系统的施工综述</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">经过二十多年的发展,综合布线系统成为现代建筑中最基本的组成部分,可以说在我国,几乎每栋大楼中都含有综合布线系统。在综合布线系统已经普及的今天,在谈屏蔽布线系统,似乎有些多余:每个布线厂商都提供屏蔽布线产品,每个集成商都了解屏蔽布线系统。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> 不过,了解是一回事,实际用起来就可能是另一回事。屏蔽布线系统看起来容易,而真正做好屏蔽布线的工程并不是每个集成商的项目经理所能做到的。在本文中,笔者仅打算将自己在屏蔽布线系统的工程中累积的技巧奉献给读者,并不涉及到屏蔽布线的各种理论和争论。<span lang="EN-US"><br/> <br/></span> <span lang="EN-US">1. </span>屏蔽布线施工综述<span lang="EN-US"><br/> <br/></span> 屏蔽布线系统与非屏蔽布线系统一样,其基本组成在<span lang="EN-US">8</span>芯双绞线的两端安装<span lang="EN-US">RJ45</span>模块,再用跳线连接到两端的设备(如:网络设备和计算机网卡、电话交换机和电话机等等)中,形成信息传输的通道。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> 其中,双绞线铺设在墙、地板和天花中,而模块则安装在面板、配线架(空架)里。因此屏蔽布线系统的基本工程手法与非屏蔽布线系统的工程手法非常相近:<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> 穿线:根据图纸将双绞线从面板出铺设到电信间(也称为弱电间、配线间等等),途中通过穿管、安放桥架(或线槽)将让双绞线不受力的<span lang="EN-US">“</span>平躺<span lang="EN-US">”</span>在管子里和桥架中;在垂直部分,则用绑扎方式防止双绞线的上端受力造成损坏。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> 端接:在面板和配线架旁,施工人员将线头中的<span lang="EN-US">8</span>根芯线剥出,按照模块上印刷的线对颜色,依次将<span lang="EN-US">8</span>芯线安放到模块的打线端子内,并用打线刀(或免工具盖板)将芯线压入<span lang="EN-US">V</span>型槽内,利用<span lang="EN-US">V</span>型槽刺破芯线外的绝缘层,实现线路导通。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> 屏蔽布线系统与非屏蔽布线系统在工程中不同之处如下:<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> <span lang="EN-US">1</span>)屏蔽布线系统同时使用屏蔽双绞线和屏蔽模块。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> 屏蔽布线系统只有形成了全程屏蔽才能充分发挥其抗干扰的效果,因此在屏蔽布线系统中,从双绞线、模块到跳线,以致网络设备中的<span lang="EN-US">RJ45</span>端口都是屏蔽产品。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> 因此必须屏蔽布线系统同时采用屏蔽双绞线和屏蔽模块。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> <span lang="EN-US">2</span>)屏蔽双绞线在<span lang="EN-US">8</span>芯线外有屏蔽层,在施工时要连接到两端的模块屏蔽层上。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> 全程屏蔽意味着系统内各部件(双绞线、模块、跳线)的屏蔽层布线连接,形成完整的屏蔽链路。因此屏蔽双绞线中的屏蔽层需要与两端模块上的屏蔽层连接。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> <span lang="EN-US">3</span>)跳线则直接通过屏蔽<span lang="EN-US">RJ45</span>头外的屏蔽层与模块连接。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> 根据欧洲布线系统的施工标准,屏蔽双绞线与屏蔽模块连接时,有以下两个要求:<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">a</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">.对于铝箔屏蔽双绞线,要将屏蔽层和双绞线中的接地导线同时端接到两端模块的屏蔽层上;<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> <span lang="EN-US">b</span>.对于丝网<span lang="EN-US">+</span>铝箔屏蔽的双绞线,只要将丝网层端接到两端模块的屏蔽层上即可。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> <span lang="EN-US">4</span>)屏蔽布线系统需要接地<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> 为了将屏蔽层内感应到的电磁信号泄放掉,屏蔽层必须接地。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">因此在屏蔽配线架上,有一个接地桩用于接地。施工时应使用接地导线,一端固定在屏蔽配线架的接地桩上,另一端则固定在机柜、电信间接地铜排上,通过接地铜排连接到建筑物的接地体,形成完整的接地回路。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> 由以上几步,就基本上完成了屏蔽布线系统的施工。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> 但是,如果仅做到了上述的几步,那屏蔽工程并没有做完美,还有一些疏漏的地方。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> <span lang="EN-US">2. </span>屏蔽布线材料的特点及对策<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> 对于工程而言,屏蔽布线材料的变化主要来自几个方面:<span lang="EN-US"><br/></span> <span lang="EN-US"><br/></span> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">)屏蔽双绞线<span lang="EN-US"><br/></span> <span lang="EN-US">2</span>)屏蔽模块和屏蔽配线架<span lang="EN-US"><br/></span> <span lang="EN-US">3</span>)接地</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> </span></p> |
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