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标题:
布线线缆防火等级资料供参考
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作者:
AMP_spy
时间:
2007-9-30 15:04
标题:
布线线缆防火等级资料供参考
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 19pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">在美国，加拿大，墨西哥等北美国家，线缆的防火等级对于铜缆被分为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMX</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CM</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMR</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">四个等级，对于光缆则被分为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">OFN</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">OFNR</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">OFNP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">三类。这些级别是在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">UL</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">标准中进行详细规定的，其中，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMR(OFNR)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">等级的线缆允许用于垂直主干，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMP(OFNP)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">等级的线缆允许在通风管道中直接敷设，而不需要放在线槽内。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CM</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">（</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">OFN</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">）和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMX</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">可用于常规用途的布线环境。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMX</span></b><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">为普通级</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>CM/CMG</span></b><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">为通用级</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>CMR</span></b><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">为商用级</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;"> CMP</span></b><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">为增压级</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;"><br/></span></b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">在我们遇到的布线项目中</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMP(OFNP)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">级别又叫阻燃线缆，在结构上，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">线缆绝缘层采用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">FEP(Teflon</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">特氟珑聚四氟乙烯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">材料，外护套采用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">PVC</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">FEP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">具有很强的防火性，在燃烧冒烟解体之前可以忍受高达</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">800</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">℃以上的温度，它比通常无卤线缆最高可承受</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">150</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">℃的温度要高数倍，同时</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">FEP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">也是一种高效的绝缘体。因此，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">FEP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">非常适用于制作传输高速数据的线缆，而国际标准（欧洲）则定义了低烟无卤</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">LSZH</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">线缆，其要点是线缆的外皮材料不含卤素，燃烧时产生烟雾小，不影响人的视线，同时烟是低毒的，短时间内便于逃生。标准有二，一是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">IEC332-1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">，易燃性相当与北美</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMX</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">级别线缆，二是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">IEC332-2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">，易燃性相当于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CM</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">级别。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;"><br/><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">低烟无卤的基材是聚烯烃，它具有较高的燃料含量，因此它们要与金属水合物填料混合以抑制其可燃性，但水合作用的水耗尽后，会引起燃烧。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">相同条件下，火焰沿着裸露的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMX</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">LSZH</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">线缆的蔓延速度是一样的，而</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">则基本不产生明火，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMX/T</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">是将</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMX</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">级别线缆穿在金属管中进行燃烧测试，其耐燃性比裸露的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">级别线缆要好。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">再来看看相同测试条件下烟雾浓度的比较：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">结论是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMX</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">级别的线缆在燃烧时的发烟最多，此外燃烧时的热量也是最多的。而</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMX/T </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">即外穿金属管的线缆发烟量则优于裸露的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">级别线缆。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">实际的指导意义：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;"><br/>1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">．布线设计时，应选用金属线槽和管道，而杜绝使用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">PVC</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">管材，这对线缆的耐燃性会有很大的提高；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;"><br/>2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">．</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">级别的线缆具有阻燃，发烟量小的特点，但是价格却很昂贵，但是对于预算充足，对数据安全级别高的用户而言，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">是最佳的选择；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;"><br/>3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">．</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMX</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CM</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">线缆在防火要求较高的大型公共场所布线项目中往往不适合用户方对防火等级及材料耐火要求，但是穿金属槽管后的防火性能其实很好；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;"><br/>4</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">．</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">LSZH</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">线缆</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">+</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">金属槽管的方式比</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CMX</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">CM</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">成本略高，但是较为经济，且有低烟低毒环保的概念，能够合理地表达出对人生命的关怀，在公共项目或防火要求高的办公，商务楼中可以广泛推广使用。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial;">
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