千家论坛_智能建筑与智能家居技术交流社区
标题:
谁知道机房防雷怎么做吗?
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作者:
13454726004
时间:
2006-8-18 10:11
标题:
谁知道机房防雷怎么做吗?
谁知道机房防雷怎么做吗?
作者:
孟武岩!
时间:
2006-8-18 11:11
<p>联系我:</p><p>13877963283 孟</p>
作者:
223328
时间:
2006-8-18 15:43
<p>千家防雷版有不少相关的机房防雷的技术帖子可以借鉴。</p><p>大体上讲,就是按照国家防雷规范,做好屏蔽,接地,等电位连接,在必要的电源设备加装电源防雷器,信号设备加装信号防雷器。</p>
作者:
xiaoyihan
时间:
2006-8-18 17:45
<p>发一个网上找的:</p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 24pt 0cm 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">目</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">录</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><p></p></span></u></b></p><p class="MsoToc2" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt 12pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><a name="_Hlt486133553"></a><strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">第一章 概述 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 lined;"> </span>2<p></p></font></span></strong></p><p class="MsoToc2" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt 12pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">第二章 机房概况 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 lined;"> </span>4<p></p></font></span></strong></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">项目背景 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">4<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">需求分析 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">4<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc2" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt 12pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">第三章</span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">设计指导思想和相关技术标准 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 lined;"> </span>5<p></p></font></span></strong></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">设计原则 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">5<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">设计指导思想 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">6<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">设计依据标准 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">9<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">机房雷电防护设计的理论依据 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">10<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc2" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt 12pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">第四章 机房雷电防护总体方案 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">12<p></p></font></span></strong></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">.电源系统的防雷与过电压保护 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">12<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">2</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">、重要终端设备的防雷与过电压保护 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 lined;"> </span>13<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">3</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">、通讯、网络系统的防雷与过电压保护 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 lined;"> </span>13<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">4</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">、接地系统 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">13<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc2" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt 12pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">第五章 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">系统防雷方案的优势分析 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">16<p></p></font></span></strong></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">.产品的优势 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">16<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">.最先进的系统防雷技术理念 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">16<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">.全面的系统电磁脉冲防护设计与用户需求的适配</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 lined;"> </span>17<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc2" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt 12pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">第六章</span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">销售服务体系</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 lined;"> </span>18<p></p></font></span></strong></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">.售前的技术服务</span><font face="Times New Roman"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 lined;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;">17</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><p></p></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">.售中的技术服务</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 lined;"> </span>18<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">.售后的技术服务</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 lined;"> </span>18<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc2" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt 12pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">第七章</span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">公司简介</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 lined;"> </span>19<p></p></font></span></strong></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">德国菲尼克斯简介</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 lined;"> </span>19<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">恒电公司简介</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 lined;"> </span>20<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc2" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt 12pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">防雷工程方案附件</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">.防雷设备报价单</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">2</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">.防雷系统原理图和防雷保护拓扑图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">3</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">.<span lang="EN-US">TRABTECH</span>系列防雷产品技术参数表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">4</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">.天津市人民政府文件</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">.恒电公司系统防雷部已完成的部分防雷工程列表</span></font></p><p class="MsoToc3" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; tab-stops: right lined 440.6pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-no-proof: yes;">.菲尼克斯防雷产品保险</span></font></p>
作者:
xiaoyihan
时间:
2006-8-18 17:48
<h2 align="center" style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><a name="_Hlt486132551"></a><a name="_Toc489760687"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt486132551;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">第二章 机房概况</span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt486132551;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"><p></p></span></span></h2><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt486132551;"></span><h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Toc489760688"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font size="5">项目背景</font></span></a></h3><h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Toc489760689"></a><a name="_Hlt486388095"></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760689;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font size="5">需求分析</font></span></span></h3><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">依据现代防雷技术,我们将防雷保护分为如下几方面:<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 42.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1、</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">电源系统:<span lang="EN-US"> UPS</span>电源的保护。电源的保护建议采用<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>电源输入端加两级防雷保护,包括第一级自点火间隙防雷保护和一级半导体防雷保护,其中分别为相<span lang="EN-US">—</span>零、零<span lang="EN-US">--</span>地、相<span lang="EN-US">—</span>相之间的雷击保护。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 42.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2、</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">通讯系统:由于其技术参数、接口形式不同,我们会采用相应的菲尼克斯防雷器件对其进行保护。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 42.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3、</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">重要终端设备的防雷保护:对于终端设备,建议采用半导体防雷保护,其中分别为相<span lang="EN-US">--</span>地、零<span lang="EN-US">--</span>地、相<span lang="EN-US">—</span>零之间的雷击保护。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 42.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4、</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">均压等电位的连接<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">在做设备防雷保护的同时,在防雷区域内全方位的等电位连接,并且将设备的外壳与等电位相连接。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">此外,菲尼克斯防雷器件已由中国人民保险公司南京分公司承保产品责任险,可依法对客户承担相应的赔偿责任。</span>
作者:
xiaoyihan
时间:
2006-8-18 17:49
<h2 align="center" style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><a name="_Hlt486132559"></a><a name="_Toc489760690"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt486132559;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial;">第三章</span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760690;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt486132559;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><font face="Arial">
</font></span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760690;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt486132559;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial;">设计指导思想和相关技术标准</span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760690;"></span><a name="_Hlt485635093"></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt486132559;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><p></p></span></span></h2><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt486132559;"></span><h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Hlt488725021"></a><a name="_Toc489760691"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt488725021;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font size="5">设计原则</font></span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt488725021;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><p></p></span></span></h3><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt488725021;"></span><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent3" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: both;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">由于机房雷电防护系统对所保护系统的业务正常运行具有非常重要的作用,因此,防雷保护系统应具备先进性、可靠性、易维护、易升级等方面的突出特性。防雷工程设计及设备的选择应遵从以下的原则:</span></p>
作者:
xiaoyihan
时间:
2006-8-18 17:50
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Toc478899908"></a><a name="_Toc478889811"></a><a name="_Toc478889753"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889811;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478899908;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889753;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889811;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478899908;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">.一切为客户着想原则</span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">无论是多大或多小的系统防护工程,都应以一切为用户着想的原则做事,以用户需求作为准绳</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">本着务实</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">不追求豪华的思想</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">但又具扩展性</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">通过相互间诚恳的交流</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">协助用户</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">使其需求最终达到尽善尽美。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Toc478899909"></a><a name="_Toc478889812"></a><a name="_Toc478889754"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889812;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478899909;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889754;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889812;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478899909;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">.可靠性原则</span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">设计系统防雷保护工程应最先考虑的问题就是可靠性。在工程的设计中不一定要求最先进,但一定要用最成熟可靠的产品和技术,有些新技术确实在某些方面有优势,但还需用更多的时间去考验,在网络系统的防雷保护中尽选择被广泛应用和证实的可靠产品和技术。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">一个中大型计算机系统每天处理数据量一般都较大</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">系统每个时刻都要采集大量的数据</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">并进行处理</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">因此</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">任一时刻的系统故障都有可能给用户带来不可估量的损失</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">这就要求系统具有高度的可靠性。提高系统可靠性的方法很多</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">一般的做法如下</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">: </font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">Ÿ</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">选用备份回路,出现故障时能够迅速恢复并有适当的应急措施;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">Ÿ</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">采用热插拔功能,故障处理无须停机;</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">Ÿ</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">采用声光报警功能;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Toc478899910"></a><a name="_Toc478889813"></a><a name="_Toc478889755"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889813;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478899910;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889755;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889813;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478899910;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">.先进性原则</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">采用当今国内、国际上最先进和成熟的技术</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">使新建立的系统能够最大限度地适应今后技术发展变化和业务发展变化的需要</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">从目前国内发展来看</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">系统总体设计的先进性原则主要体现在以下几个方面:</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">Ÿ</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">采用的系统结构应当是先进的、开放的体系结构;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">Ÿ</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">采用的技术应当是先进的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">可扩充的,能满足今后日益扩充的需要;</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Toc478899911"></a><a name="_Toc478889814"></a><a name="_Toc478889756"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889814;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478899911;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889756;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889814;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478899911;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">.实用性原则</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">本着一切从用户实际角度出发,配置防雷保护系统不是给用户花钱,而是在保护用户的投资,保证网络系统的正确运行;实用性就是能够最大限度地满足实际工作要,从实际应用的角度来看</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">这个性能更加重要。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Toc478899912"></a><a name="_Toc478889815"></a><a name="_Toc478889757"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889815;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478899912;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889757;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889815;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478899912;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">.开放性,可扩充、可维护性原则</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">防雷保护技术是不断发展变化的,为了保证用户的投资,所选产品必须符合国际标准及流行的工业标准。这样才能对网络的未来发展提供保证。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Toc478899914"></a><a name="_Toc478889817"></a><a name="_Toc478889759"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889817;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478899914;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889759;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478889817;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc478899914;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">.经济性原则</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">整个防雷保护的建设要坚持实用为主,根据投资的强度选择有实用价值,在满足系统需求的前提下</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">应尽可能选用性能价格最好,可靠性高</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">可维护性好的产品,选用性能价格比高的设备</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">尽快投入使用</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">并使整个系统能安全可靠地运行,以便节省投资</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">以最低成本来完成计算机网络系统防雷保护的建设。</span></p>
作者:
xiaoyihan
时间:
2006-8-18 17:51
<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Toc489760692"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font size="5">设计指导思想</font></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><p></p></span></h3><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">系统防雷保护的应用涉及很多行业,在这里我们重点描述的是“计算机信息系统”的雷电防护设计原则。系统雷电防护设计是一项系统工程,那么从系统论的角度上讲,系统结构愈合理,系统的各个部分(要素)之间的有机结合就越合理,相互之间的作用就愈协调,从而才能使整个系统在总体上达到最佳的运行状态。具体到系统防雷保护设计工作中,我们认为防雷设计工作主要的目的是将第一个工作单元系统的防雷设计工作与第二个工作单元计算机信息系统根据客观实际条件有机的结合在一起。通过第一工作单元要素,与第二工作单元相应的要素合理配置,同时还应保障不能造成对第二个工作单元有任何的影响,使之溶为一体,从而发挥出系统防护工作最佳效果。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">具体地说,防护工作的第一步就是首先应确认雷害侵入计算机系统的各种途径,(即了解客户的实际需求),在这个基础上,依据系统防雷的科学理论和我们丰富的防雷设计安装经验,采取相应的防护措施,进行有针对性的防护,从而达到在雷电入侵时能够保障系统安全运行的目的。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p></span>
作者:
xiaoyihan
时间:
2006-8-18 17:51
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">为此,首先对于计算机信息系统的雷电入侵和危害,我们分别从以下几点进行分析:<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 24.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)电力线是雷电入侵电子设备的重要渠道:<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 6pt 24.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">.<span lang="EN-US">1</span>雷电远点袭击电力线:<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">我国电力线输电方式是由发电厂通过升压变压器升压后,输电至低压变压器,经低压变压器的输出给用户。由于我国的电压基本波形是每秒<span lang="EN-US">50Hz</span>的正弦波形曲线,在电力线上形成每秒<span lang="EN-US">50</span>次的交变磁场。如遇雷害发生时,在雷电未击穿大气时,将呈现出高压电场形式。根据电学基本原理,磁场与电场之间是相互共存可逆变化的,那么,雷击高压电场通过静电吸收原理,向大地方向运动。假设电力线杆有<span lang="EN-US">5</span>米高,那么在相对湿度<span lang="EN-US">25</span>%时,要击穿<span lang="EN-US">5</span>米空气,需要<span lang="EN-US">15</span>×<span lang="EN-US">10<sup>6</sup>V</span>雷击高压(<span lang="EN-US">3000V/mm</span>)。如果在相对湿度<span lang="EN-US">95</span>%时(下雨时),击穿<span lang="EN-US">5</span>米空气需要<span lang="EN-US">5</span>×<span lang="EN-US">10<sup>6</sup>V</span>雷击高压(<span lang="EN-US">1000V/mm</span>)。电力线上的交变磁场对雷云的吸引小于大地的静电吸引。如果,雷云击穿<span lang="EN-US">5</span>米空气入地,需要很高的电压,雷电首先击在电力线上,并从电力线的负载保护地线入地释放,这样就击穿了设备。在高压线上的表现为击穿变压器的绝缘,在变压器低压端与负载的连线上遭雷击,损失的是用电器。由于变压器低压输出端是三条相线,做一条地线,当作零地合一线,变成三相四线制零地合一方式给用电器供电,雷电击在火线与大地放电,就等于火线与零线放电通过电力线直接击穿用电器的电子元件。一般电子设备线与外壳的耐压为每分钟<span lang="EN-US">V<sub>AC</sub>1500V</span>,火线与零线耐压为工业级<span lang="EN-US">Vdc550</span>-<span lang="EN-US">650V</span>,这么低的耐压一旦遭受远点雷击,必将击坏用电器。为此,在选择防雷器时,首先考虑远点雷击。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 24.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">.<span lang="EN-US">2</span>雷电近点电力线的侵入:<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">所谓雷电近点袭击电力线,实际上是雷电袭击用电器所在的建筑物避雷针,从而引起的雷电电磁脉冲的保护问题。雷电打在建筑物避雷装置上,按照<span lang="EN-US">GB50057</span>-<span lang="EN-US">94</span>《建筑物防雷设计规范》规定,定义大楼接闪电能力为波形<span lang="EN-US">10</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">´</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">350</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">m</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">S</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">三角波,雷击电流为<span lang="EN-US">150KA</span>。避雷针引下线由于线路电感的作用,<span lang="EN-US">IEC1312</span>定义最多只能将<span lang="EN-US">50</span>%的电流引入大地。<span lang="EN-US">100</span>余米高的大楼它的引下线电感为<span lang="EN-US">155</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">m</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">H</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">左右(<span lang="EN-US">1.55</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">m</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">H/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">米),<span lang="EN-US">IEC1312</span>定义电感大于<span lang="EN-US">37.5</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">m</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">H</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,则发生测闪雷击,也就是说,<span lang="EN-US">10</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">´</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">350</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">m</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">S</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">直击雷引下线只能引下<span lang="EN-US">50%</span>的电流,余下的电流将通过电力线屏蔽槽、水管、暖气管、金属门窗等与地面有连接的金属物质联合引雷,但也只引下少部分雷电流,余下总电流的<span lang="EN-US">25</span>%在大楼流窜至<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>输入输出负载的电源线、局域网线等,击穿小型机局域网端,最终由逻辑地线处下泄入地。对设备而言,部分雷电流将由<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>输入电源线对交流地线进行<span lang="EN-US">L</span>-<span lang="EN-US">PE</span>、<span lang="EN-US">N</span>-<span lang="EN-US">PE</span>泄放,<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>输出<span lang="EN-US">L</span>-<span lang="EN-US">PE</span>′(逻辑地〕、<span lang="EN-US">N</span>-<span lang="EN-US">PE</span>′泄放,小型机<span lang="EN-US">L</span>-<span lang="EN-US">PE</span>′<span lang="EN-US"> N-PE</span>′泄放,局域网线对逻辑地线等进行泄放。最终结果,将击穿<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>输出对地线和输入对地线端、小型机电源对逻辑地线、网口对逻辑地线。为此,必须对<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>输入输出火线零线对交流地和直流逻辑地进行保护,必须对小型机、服务器及其它重要终端进行等电位保护,对网口进行保护,只有堵死一切雷电导入的端口,才能有效的保护设备免受雷电的侵害。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 24.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">.<span lang="EN-US">3</span>错相位雷害<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">美国空军电磁兼容手册中,描述雷电发生时用肉眼可识别闪电为一组雷击,每次不少于<span lang="EN-US">26</span>个雷,它有大小和发生先后的区别,如果一个高能量雷打在一条火线上,而另一个低能量雷打在另一条火线上,线线之间就会产生一个电压差,侵入设备。这种侵害设备的现象,称错相位雷击,又称雷电的二次破坏,对三相<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>而言,它的输入和输出端,应安装线与线之间的保护,才能更全面更立体的保护电子设备。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">小结:堵死雷电由电力线入侵电子设备,应该从远点雷击、近点雷击和错相位雷击三种雷击现象入手,实施全方位的保护,才能在发生雷击时,有效的保护设备。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p>
作者:
xiaoyihan
时间:
2006-8-18 17:52
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">2</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)雷电作用下,建筑物内感应雷害<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">雷电击在建筑物避雷针上,由避雷针通过引下线,将雷电流泄放大地,引下线自上而下产生一个变化旋转快速运动磁场,建筑物内的电源线、网络线等相对切割磁力线,产生感应高压并沿线路传输击毁设备。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">以天津某银行机房为例,假设大楼避雷针引下线或大楼主钢筋距主机房<span lang="EN-US">10</span>米,假设机房为<span lang="EN-US">7</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">´</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">7m<sup>2</sup></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">di=75KA<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>dt=10</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">m</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">S<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">则感应高压<span lang="EN-US">U</span>=<span lang="EN-US">2</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">´</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">10</span><sup><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">-<span lang="EN-US">7</span></span></sup><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">´</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">7</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">´</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ln<span style="POSITION: relative; TOP: 13pt; mso-text-raise: -13.0pt;"><shapetype id="_x0000_t75" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" ospt="75" coordsize="21600,21600" stroked="f" filled="f" opreferrelative="t">
<stroke joinstyle="miter"></stroke><formulas><f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></f><f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></f><f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></f><f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></f><f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></f></formulas><path oconnecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" oextrusionok="f"></path><lock aspectratio="t" vext="edit"></lock></shapetype><shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" fillcolor="window" oole="" style="WIDTH: 75.75pt; HEIGHT: 33.75pt;"><imagedata otitle="" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ZHAO~1.XUE\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.wmz"></imagedata></shape></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">=<span lang="EN-US">52500V<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">由此可知由雷电产生的感应电压无孔不入,它可以危及机房内所有的用电器,在上海一座邮电智能大厦一次雷击,<span lang="EN-US">4</span>台服务器遭受雷击,<span lang="EN-US">80</span>多条广域网络线端口及<span lang="EN-US">4</span>台网络交换机的<span lang="EN-US">RJ45</span>端口全部损坏;广东省<span lang="EN-US">1996</span>年计算机系统遭受雷击损失五亿元人民币。感应雷的能量虽小,但电压较高。所以,对感应雷害的防护,应该是全面的防护,但防护的级别可以低一些。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p>
作者:
xiaoyihan
时间:
2006-8-18 17:52
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)、雷电作用下的网络雷害<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 30.05pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、广域网络<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">一般讲,广域网络通常不遭受直击雷的破坏,<span lang="EN-US">1mm<sup>2</sup></span>的铜线遭受<span lang="EN-US">10KA</span>的雷电袭击,它自身就断了。所以,广域网的雷害主要是感应雷害,击穿方式为线对线和线对机壳(地),在<span lang="EN-US">GA173-1998</span>《计算机信息系统防雷保安器》标准中,广域网保护的最大雷电流为<span lang="EN-US">5KA</span>,连接广域网一般有以下几类,一类是<span lang="EN-US">DDN</span>租用专线,一类是<span lang="EN-US">ISD</span>专线,一类是帧中继以及微波通讯方式 。对于专线的接收端口,它的耐压应为<span lang="EN-US">5</span>倍工作电压,即<span lang="EN-US">Vdc25V</span>,传输速率小于等于<span lang="EN-US">2M</span>,插入保安器,使之在雷电作用下,短路保护<span lang="EN-US">5KA</span>电流,而端口残压小于<span lang="EN-US">25V</span>;而对于话线备份来说,它的工作电压为<span lang="EN-US">48V</span>加<span lang="EN-US">93<span style="POSITION: relative; TOP: 3pt; mso-text-raise: -3.0pt;"><shape id="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75" fillcolor="window" oole="" style="WIDTH: 18.75pt; HEIGHT: 17.25pt;">
<imagedata otitle="" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ZHAO~1.XUE\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image003.wmz"></imagedata></shape></span>V</span>振铃电压共计<span lang="EN-US">175V</span>,插入保安器,保安器的启动电压<span lang="EN-US">185V</span>,残留电压小于<span lang="EN-US">Vdc330V</span>,因为调制解调器的耐压为<span lang="EN-US">Vdc330V</span>。保护模式为线对地和线对线,广域网遭受雷击的概率较大,一般在<span lang="EN-US">28</span>%左右。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 24.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.2</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">局域网<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">在局域网的传输电缆中,常常采用<span lang="EN-US">UTP</span>电缆,<span lang="EN-US">UTP</span>电缆的<span lang="EN-US">4</span>对线中两对线(<span lang="EN-US">1-2</span>,<span lang="EN-US">3-6</span>线对)一对线接收一线发送,采用<span lang="EN-US">RJ45</span>接口方式。既然局域网电缆采用<span lang="EN-US">RJ45</span>型是一收一发,那么,就应按两对线进行雷电保护。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">我们做过一次试验,在一条连接服务器的网线旁边,约距网线<span lang="EN-US">0.5</span>米处,采用雷击发生器对网线<span lang="EN-US">0.5</span>米处一条金属线发射雷电流。由小到大,发射电流为<span lang="EN-US">10KA</span>,周边磁场污染了网线,瞬间服务器端口、芯片被击穿,这时,示波器记忆感应高压为<span lang="EN-US">100V</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">在机房的综合布线中,施工人员为了布线工程的美观漂亮,把很多网线放在墙壁内,没有考虑对<span lang="EN-US">UTP</span>电缆的屏蔽处理,一旦大楼某些钢筋泄放雷击电流都将引起感应高压,从而击毁设备。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">另外,对于网络系统,由于雷电引起的电磁脉冲,在机房内产生<span lang="EN-US">3Gs</span>的变化电磁场,必然引起网卡端口芯片的烧毁。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 24.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.3</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">综合布线<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">从防雷角度上考虑,布线一定要明确表示:<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.3.1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">电源线不要与网络线同槽架设,数据插座与电源插座保持一定距离;<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.3.2</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">广域网线缆不要与局域网线缆同槽架设;<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.3.3</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">网线与墙壁布置时,有条件应远距离安装;<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.3.4</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">屏蔽槽有厚度要求,并要求两点接地;<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p>
作者:
xiaoyihan
时间:
2006-8-18 17:52
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">4</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)雷电作用下的二次效应<span lang="EN-US">----</span>雷电高压反击雷<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">雷电袭击建筑物避雷针,由引下线将雷电流引入大地,由于大地电阻的存在,雷电电荷不能快速全部的与大地负电荷中和,必然引起局部地电位升高,交流配电地和直流逻辑地将这种高电位引入机房,<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>输出、输入端被击穿,小型机及其他网络设备连接断口被击穿。这种反击电压少则数千伏,多则数万伏,直接烧坏用电器的绝缘部分。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">在通过具体分析了雷害入侵计算机信息系统的各种途径后,我们得出的结论是:防雷保护设计工作不是简单的避雷设施的安装和堆砌,而是一项要求高、难度大的系统工程,涉及多方面的因素。为此我们的设计指导思想的主旨是,本着“经济、实用、高标准严要求、高起点、高可靠性”的原则,在遵照执行国家有关标准,国家有关行业标准的基础上,还参考和引入<span lang="EN-US">IEC</span>国际电工委员会的有关防雷技术标准要求,以期达到更好的防护效果。</span></p>
作者:
xiaoyihan
时间:
2006-8-18 17:53
<h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Hlt485635219"></a><a name="_Toc489760693"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt485635219;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font size="5">设计依据标准</font></span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt485635219;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><p></p></span></span></h3><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt485635219;"></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Hlt488728004"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ⅰ.<span lang="EN-US">GB2887</span>-<span lang="EN-US">89</span>《计算机场地安全要求》<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></a></p><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt488728004;"></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Hlt485635118"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ⅱ.<span lang="EN-US">GB50174</span>-<span lang="EN-US">93</span>《电子计算机机房设计规范》<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></a></p><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt485635118;"></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ⅲ.<span lang="EN-US">GB50057</span>-<a name="_Hlt485635239"></a><span lang="EN-US">94</span>《建筑物防雷设计规范》<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ⅳ.<span lang="EN-US">GB50054</span>-<span lang="EN-US">95</span>《低压配电设计规范》<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ⅴ.<span lang="EN-US">GA173</span>-<span lang="EN-US">1998</span>《计算机信息系统防雷保安器》<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ⅵ.<span lang="EN-US">GB3482</span>-<span lang="EN-US">3483</span>-<span lang="EN-US">83</span>《电子设备雷击试验》<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ⅶ.<span lang="EN-US">GB11032</span>-<span lang="EN-US">89</span>《交流无间隙避雷器》<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ⅷ.邮电部《通讯产品入网检定认证细则》<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ⅸ.<span lang="EN-US">IEC1024</span>-<span lang="EN-US">1</span>∶<span lang="EN-US">1990</span>《建筑防雷》<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ⅹ.<span lang="EN-US">IE1312</span>-<span lang="EN-US">1</span>∶<span lang="EN-US">1995</span>《雷电电磁脉冲的防护通则》<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ⅺ.<span lang="EN-US">ITU.TS.K20</span>∶<span lang="EN-US">1990</span>《电信交换设备耐过电压和过电流能力》<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ⅻ.<span lang="EN-US">ITU.TS.K21</span>∶<span lang="EN-US">1998</span>《用户终端耐过电压和过电流能力》<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Hlt486132565"></a><a name="_Toc489760694"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt486132565;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font size="5">机房雷电防护设计的理论依据</font></span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt486132565;"></span></h3><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt486132565;"></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">在我们方案设计工作中除了遵照执行相关的国家标准要求外,我们还参考和引入<span lang="EN-US">IEC/TC</span>-<span lang="EN-US">81</span>有关标准的核心内容做为我们设计的指导思想和理论依据。<span lang="EN-US">IEC/TC</span>-<span lang="EN-US">81</span>是在国际电工委员会防雷技术精华的基础上,制订的各项防雷技术标准、规范,对我们的实际工作具有指导意义。如:在<span lang="EN-US">IEC</span>-<span lang="EN-US">1024</span>《建筑物防雷》和<span lang="EN-US">IEC</span>-<span lang="EN-US">1312</span>《雷电电磁脉冲的防护通则》标准中,重点提出了防雷分区和等电位连接的概念。根据雷击在不同区域的电磁脉冲强度划分防雷区域,并在不同的防雷区域的界面上进行等电位连接,能直接连接的金属物就直接相连,不能直接连接的如:电力线路和通信线路等,则必须依据不同的防雷区域的科学划分,采用不同防护等级的防雷设备器件,对后续被保护设备进行有效的保护且必须实施等电位连接。实践证明,这种分区分级等电位均压连接,并以防雷设备来确保被保护设备的防护措施是最好的解决问题,实现有效防护的方法。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">关于防雷区划分的问题,在<span lang="EN-US">IEC</span>-<span lang="EN-US">1312</span>标准中有详细的论述:“防雷区是指闪电电磁环境需要限定和控制的区域。各区以在其交界处的电磁环境有无明显的改变作为划分不同防雷区的特征,具体到我们拟进行的计算机信息系统的防雷保护中,就是要根据计算机信息系统所在的建筑物按需要保护的空间划分不同的防雷区域,以确定各防雷区空间的雷电电磁脉冲(<span lang="EN-US">LEMP</span>)的强度,来确定不同防雷区所应采取的具体防护措施和防护手段。在计算机信息系统所在的建筑物一般是这样划分防雷区的:<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 60.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 60.75pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">(一)<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">LPZ0<sub>A</sub></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">区:本区内的各类物体都可能遭到直接雷击,因此各物体都可能导走全部电流,本区内的电磁场没有衰减。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 60.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 60.75pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">(二)<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">LPZ0<sub>B</sub></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">区:本区内的各类物体很少遭到直接雷击,但本区内电磁场没有衰减。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 60.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 60.75pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">(三)<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">LPZ1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">:本区内的各类物体不可能遭受直接雷击,流经各类导体的电流比<span lang="EN-US">LPZ0<sub>B</sub></span>区进一步减小。由于建筑物的屏蔽措施,本区内的电磁场得到了初步的衰减。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 60.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 60.75pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">(四)<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">LPZ2</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">:为进一步减少所导引的电流或电磁场而引入的后续防雷区,应按照需要保护的计算机信息系统所要求的环境选择后续防雷区的要求和条件。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">在明确防雷区划分的基础上,结合我们拟进行保护的计算机信息系统来分析,其中心机房是由以下几部分构成:<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54pt; TEXT-INDENT: -30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 54.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">(1)</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">电源系统,其中又分<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>电源系统及市电供电系统<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54pt; TEXT-INDENT: -30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 54.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">(2)</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">计算机网络系统<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54pt; TEXT-INDENT: -30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 54.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">(3)</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">通信系统<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54pt; TEXT-INDENT: -30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 54.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">(4)</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">辅助系统,其中包括空调、照明、消防、门禁等。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">依据防雷分区的概念,结合机房的具体情况,那么我们工作的主要目的就非常明确了,即:确保各系统,特别是直接影响业务的系统的正常运行,不受雷电所造成的过电流、过电压的干扰和破坏,保护机房不致被雷电袭击,首先是要堵塞所有的雷击入侵渠道,实行分区和等电位连接的原则,并结合机房的实际情况正确按规范实施。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">根据防雷分区的概念,我们知道,不同防雷区之间的电磁强度不同,因此首先作好屏蔽措施,在一定程度上可以防止雷电电磁脉冲的侵入,在此基础上,作好穿越防雷区界面上不同线路的防雷保护,是我们系统防雷工作的重点。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">机房所在建筑物的外部接闪体承担了大部分的雷电电磁的能量,是防雷系统中重要的一环,并与内部防雷工作有着直接的联系。在前面我们分析雷害的入侵渠道时已做了明确的阐述,如:“雷电作用下,建筑物内感应雷害”及“雷电作用下的二次效应—雷电高压反击雷”,基于当时建筑物防雷要求与现在防雷标准的差异,特别是考虑作为国家重要关键部门的特定作用,为稳妥起见,我们必须强调对计算机信息系统的直击雷保护问题。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">综上所述,我们可以借用<span lang="EN-US">IEC/TC-81</span>的技术定义将系统防雷工作总结为:<span lang="EN-US">DBSE</span>技术</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体;"><font face="Times New Roman">—</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">即分流(<span lang="EN-US">Dividing</span>)、均压(<span lang="EN-US">Bonding</span>)、屏蔽(<span lang="EN-US">Shielding</span>)、接地(<span lang="EN-US">Earthing</span>)四项技术加之有效的防护设备的综合,如果从设计阶段开始体现这种综合系统的防护设计原则必将起到事半功倍的理想防护效果。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">从严格的意义上讲,目前我们拟进行的机房的防雷电保护工作,在实施的过程必须考虑使用环境的特殊情况。譬如,机房所在的建筑物的主楼供电系统、主变配电室是否属于机房专门使用。虽然大楼的建筑物避雷装置可确保建筑物本身免遭雷击损坏和人身安全,但由于大楼的综合管线,如上下水管、电力供电线等等的综合联接问题,市政建设管线与大楼的相互关系,如入户线的屏蔽问题等原因,加之大楼内其它部门所作的改造、搭接,实难于逐一考证,就整幢建筑物是否为一完善的均压系统就难以确定。为此,我们将重点保护的范围集中确定在<span lang="EN-US">LPZ0<sub>B</sub></span>防雷区—计算机信息系统中心机房的范围内,并且以<span lang="EN-US">LPZ0<sub>A</sub></span>防雷区与机房范围的界面为一屏障,在这里将所有可能雷电入侵渠道全部切断。运用实施<span lang="EN-US">DBSE</span>技术,并合理选用防雷设备,来实现我们的目的——即对计算机信息系统中心机房实现系统防雷保护。</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span></p>
作者:
xiaoyihan
时间:
2006-8-18 17:53
<h2 align="center" style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><a name="_Hlt486132533"></a><a name="_Toc489760695"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt486132533;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">第四章</span></span></a><a name="_Hlt486220295"></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760695;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt486132533;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"> 机房雷电防护总体方案</span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt486132533;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"><p></p></span></span></h2><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlt486132533;"></span><h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Toc489760696"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font size="5">1</font></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760696;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font size="5">.电源系统的</font><a name="_Hlt488725039"></a><font size="5">防雷与过电压保护</font></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><p></p></span></h3><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">由于贵处机房电力供给是由大楼的建筑物主配电引入。电源高压端的防雷保护已由电力供电部门实施。因此,对于<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>电源系统的雷电防护,我们采取以下的防雷保护方案:<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: 246.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UPS</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">配电回路设计选用原产德国菲尼克斯防雷器件,安装在防雷配电箱内,(我们严格按照《计算机信息系统防雷保安器》、《交流无间隙金属氧化物避雷器》的要求组装。)采取两级输入防雷系统保护<b>。</b><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 72pt; TEXT-INDENT: -24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(具体方案详见原理图)<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UPS</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">电源系统的防雷保护<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">从机房目前的情况来分析,供电线路穿越各级防雷区,考虑到机房各种不同用电设备的耐过压的能力,我们建议采用如下的电源系统防雷方案,以达到最佳的防护效果和最经济的投入。由于机房<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>不间断电源设备是用于为机房内计算机信息系统各用电设备提供稳定、可靠和高质量的用电环境唯一的重要设备,并且是由市电供电输入机房的主要途径,所以我们将电源系统防护的重点放在了对<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>不间断电源的保护上。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在计算机专用配电柜、<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>电源做两级输入防雷保护。具体的防护措施为:参考<span lang="EN-US">IEC1312</span>的描述,在<span lang="EN-US">LPZ0<sub>B</sub></span>区,虽然不会被直接雷击击中,但远端雷电闪击沿电力线传来雷电电磁脉冲的强度没有衰减,本区内的电磁场也没有减弱。在三级防雷保护中,第一级防护为粗保护,选用<span lang="EN-US">PHOENIX CONTACT </span>的雷击电流放电器<span lang="EN-US">FLT</span>系列产品,对直击雷进行防护,吸收<span lang="EN-US">90%</span>的大能量雷电流,此产品为<span lang="EN-US">PHOENIX</span>公司的专利产品,独有的自点火放电技术;第二级为中级保护,选用浪涌电压雷电放电器,即半导体放电器,对雷电流进一步吸收;对终端设备的防雷保护为细保护,同样采用浪涌电压放电器,将残余的雷电流基本吸收,通过地线泄入大地。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在第一级我们采用德国菲尼克斯公司的相—零之间<span lang="EN-US">3</span>只<span lang="EN-US">FLT 35 CTRL-0.9/I</span>,零—地<span lang="EN-US"> 1</span>只<span lang="EN-US">FLT 100 N/PE CTRL-1.5</span>。此器件为低压电源中的使用而特别设计,它是用于主配电系统的采用了密封和自点火技术的<span lang="EN-US">B</span>级防雷及电涌保护器。它通过一个电子点火装置来控制放电间隙的点火电压。并且通过了<span lang="EN-US">100KA</span>(<span lang="EN-US">10/350us</span>)雷击测试电流的测试,以抵御脉宽<span lang="EN-US">10</span>×<span lang="EN-US">350</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">m</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">S</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">波形,单相<span lang="EN-US">35KA</span>雷电冲击,残压为<span lang="EN-US">900</span>伏。模块化设计使它便于安装与维护,当器件老化后,本系统设有声光报警系统,并可将此信息远程传送,及时提醒操作人员更换,对这部分器件采用的是可带电插拔更换结构(热插拔),无需在维护时切断电源,方便不能随意关机用户使用。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 6pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在第二级我们采用德国菲尼克斯公司的<span lang="EN-US">VAL</span>-<span lang="EN-US">MS 230 IT</span>过电压保护器件,进行有效的吸收,同时还将起到吸收线路上的感性负载和容性负载的“通”“断”引起的浪涌电压及对相电压可能的误输入线电压的保护,最终输入<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>一个洁净的电源。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在本系统中我们除了考虑到相线对零线及地线的保护外,还考虑到远点雷击完成火线与零地合一线的三级保护,近点雷击,完成火线与交流配电地线的保护,由自点火放电型雷击电源放电器<span lang="EN-US">FLT-35 CTRL-0.9/I(</span>三只<span lang="EN-US">)</span>与<span lang="EN-US">FLT 100 N/PE CTRL-1.5</span>(一只)组成新的间隙放电,和<span lang="EN-US">VAL230IT</span>过电压保护器件组成<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>输入端二级保护系统。在错相位雷击时,由相相之间并联<span lang="EN-US">VAL400</span>半导体过压保护器,由<span lang="EN-US">VAL400</span>半导体过压保护器进行残压吸收,最后送给<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>一个稳定的电压工作环境。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">电源系统的全部防雷器件集中安装在低压配电系统中,组成两级输入防护的防雷系统,用于<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>电源系统的保护。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">由于<span lang="EN-US">VAL</span>-<span lang="EN-US">400</span>、<span lang="EN-US">VAL-230IT</span>等器件属易损件,当器件老化后,本系统设有声光报警系统,并可将此信息远程传送,及时提醒操作人员更换,对这部分器件采用的是可带电插拔更换结构(热插拔),无需在维护时切断电源,方便不能随意关机用户使用。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p>
作者:
xiaoyihan
时间:
2006-8-18 17:54
<h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><font size="5"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">2</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、终端设备的防雷保护<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></font></h3><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-list: skip;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">外事办机房设备包括服务器、交换机、路由器等,为了确保设备万无一失,而感应雷害又无孔不入,同时因考虑到电网的浪涌可能带来对设备的冲击。(天津市外事办终端设备共计<span lang="EN-US">11</span>台)因此我们还将采用以上的防护机理实施同样电源终端防雷保护,以确保整个计算机信息系统的核心部分的安全运行。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p>
作者:
xiaoyihan
时间:
2006-8-18 17:54
<h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Toc489760697"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font size="5">3</font></span></a><font size="5"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760697;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、通讯系统的防雷与过电压保护</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><p></p></span></font></h3><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Toc489760698"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">通讯系统防雷包括由户外引至户内的通讯线路</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760698;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">主要线路包括网络通讯线路、专线、微波通信线(天馈线)等;(由于网络通讯线路、专线线路是由光纤引入可不予考虑),根据贵方提供的机房情况看:</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760698;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">三层有一条微波天馈系统存在感应雷隐患,需要做防雷保护,因此我们建议选用菲尼克斯的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">CF-UB-280DC-SB-SET</font></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760698;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">对其进行保护。</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760698;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">机房有一条</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">DDN</font></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760698;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">专线存在感应雷隐患,需要做防雷保护,因此我们建议选用菲尼克斯的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">D-LAN-A/RJ45-BS</font></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760698;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">对其进行保护。</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760698;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">此外,机房还有一套</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">ADSL</font></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760698;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">设备存在感应雷隐患,需要做防雷保护,因此我们建议选用菲尼克斯的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">D-FM-A/RJ45-BB</font></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760698;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">对其进行保护。</span></span></p><h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><font size="5"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760698;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">4</span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760698;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、接地系统</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><p></p></span></font></h3><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">防雷器件首先起到的作用是对雷电流的吸收和泄放作用,同时也是一种“等电位连接器”。所有的防雷产品器件的防护原理均是在雷击发生的瞬间内,迅速启动响应,保证设备、大地、建筑物及其附属设备之搭接构成一等电位体,从而避免过电压的损坏,实现均压等电位的关键就是整个机房的地线系统。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">所以说接地系统在系统防雷中非常重要的。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">接地系统<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">理想的建筑物避雷系统的接地装置,包括从接闪器及引下线的理想状态最好是无任何电阻,一旦雷击发生,避雷针接闪时,不论雷电流有多大,接地装置上任何一点对大地的电势差为零,因此,接地的阻值应尽可能的小。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">依据国家标准<span lang="EN-US">GB50174</span>-<span lang="EN-US">93</span>《电子计算机机房设计规范》规定,交流工作接地和安全保护接地,接地电阻均不应大于<span lang="EN-US">4</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">W</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,直流工作接地中,接地电阻应按计算机系统具体要求确定;(<span lang="EN-US">GBJ79-85</span>中规定电信站接地电阻要求≤<span lang="EN-US">1</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">W</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">据<span lang="EN-US">IEC1024</span>标准机房交流工作接地、安全保护接地、直流工作接地、防雷接地等四种接地宜共用一组接地装置。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">但是由于某些计算机设备的工作状态差异不同,接地系统共地很难实现时,我们建议应该采用等电位理论,达到瞬间等电位方式,常态独立接地方式(即机房接地系统与其他交流地、安全保护地、防雷地进行软连接)。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.2</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">地线装置现状<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">目前机房的市电供电系统采用三相五线制,送入机房。机房地线接地电阻应<span lang="EN-US"><1</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">W</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。地线与大楼避雷系统接地网相连,具体接地电阻不详,需要进行现场测量。地线为计算机系统的独立接地网,从现场情况看,机房应做等电位连接,安装均压等电位带。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.3</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">机房设备对接地系统的要求<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">安装要求<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>电源输入为三相四线制,输出为三相五线制,输出端为隔离变压器型,保证中线对地线电压小于<span lang="EN-US">1V</span>,满足计算机系统的需要。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.4</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">均压等电位连接<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">另外,机房的各种地线间及地线与大楼结构的主钢筋之间,必须进行有效的连接,即全部采用共用接地系统,当雷电引起地电位高压反击时,整个大楼及机房呈现系统等电位,防雷系统呈现工作状态,保证网络系统的安全。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">关于机房设备的金属外壳接地在相关的国标与部标中均提出:机房设备的金属(导电)外壳必须接地的规定(通常称为保护接地,也就是用导线将外壳与<span lang="EN-US">PE</span>线相连)。这一要求的目的是将设备外壳与地线(<span lang="EN-US">PE</span>)进行等电位连接,这样不但保证了操作人员的安全(触摸外壳时不会发生触电的危险);同时还将被保护设备的外壳(对于输入、输出线)的电位处于相对稳定的状态,并将电磁干扰的大部分杂散电流导入大地。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.5</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">线路的屏蔽<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">关于均压等电位带的实施,我们建议在机房的地板下设均压等电位地线带,以<span lang="EN-US">25mm</span>×<span lang="EN-US">3mm</span>的紫铜带,在各室内分别形成网型(<span lang="EN-US">M</span>型)结构的均压等电位带,且作好此带的绝缘支撑,最终以星形(<span lang="EN-US">S</span>型)形式与机房的直流逻辑地线接通,另外机房<span lang="EN-US">UPS</span>供电系统电源插座及信号地均在最近的距离内与均压等电位带相连,避免因设备间电势差而使设备损坏。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">关于线路的屏蔽情况我们是这样考虑的:感应雷击很多是由于传输线路在交变磁场中产生感应高压,使计算机系统遭到破坏,对传输线路采取屏蔽措施,是降低感应雷击破坏的有效方法。目前机房内的大部分线路采用穿管布线(金属软管或硬管),但从实际情况看,综合布线的金属护管的屏蔽接地需改进,使每根护管两端有效接地,并与均压等电位带连接,最大限度的减少感应雷击侵入的渠道。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.6</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">法拉第笼的问题<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">当机房的均压等电位带与大楼的钢筋网相连时,形成一个稀疏的法拉第笼。或着我们建议机房装修时做防静电处理,墙壁采用防静电铝塑板,并与机房共地系统相连。使机房的形成一个法拉第笼。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">注:<span lang="EN-US">1.</span>接地引下线的连接必须在防雷配电柜前进行;<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">2.UPS</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">电源插座必须就近与均压等电位相连接。</span>
作者:
xiaoyihan
时间:
2006-8-18 17:55
<h2 align="center" style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><a name="_Toc489760705"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋体;">第五章</span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760705;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;">
</span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760705;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial;">系统防雷方案的优势分析</span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760705;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><p></p></span></h2><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">通过前面详细的设计方案的表述及对我们所采用的产品技术指标及产品的技术原理特点的介绍,我们依托德国菲尼<a name="_Hlt488724489"></a>克斯公司防雷产品进行用户具体防护方案优点包括以下几点:</span></p><h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Toc489760706"></a><a name="_Toc480549683"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760706;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman" size="5">1</font></span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc480549683;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760706;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font size="5">.产品的优势</font></span></span></span><a name="_Hlt488727590"></a></h3><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">欧洲尤其是德国在防雷电电磁脉冲产品方面在全世界防雷产品领域中始终保持着传统的优势。在美国</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">IEEE</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">专刊</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">199</font><a name="_Hlt488725071"></a><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">月号的一篇文章中美国人提出“美国在瞬态过电压保护方面已落后德国</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">10</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">到</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">15</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年,</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">.…..”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。由</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">IEC</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">TC81</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">防雷专业委员会的文献了解到目前世界上能够模拟出完全类似真实雷电电流(</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">10/350</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">μ</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">S)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的实验室共有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">家,全部在欧洲并且有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">家在德国,其中德国菲尼克斯公司全资拥有的菲尼克斯电磁兼容测试试验室(</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">PHOENIX TEST-LABS</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)既是德国国家级实验室同时属于欧洲联合试验室的主要成员。并且我国目前最好的电磁兼容实验室——航天部</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">501</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">所的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">EMC</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">实验室也是由德国公司提供的。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">中国科学院高压实验室曾向压敏电阻的主要供应商美国通用电气、日本松下电工咨询好的防雷器供应商,美国通用电气推荐:</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">PHOENIX CONTACT</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">DEHN</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">OBO</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,而日本松下电工推荐</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">PHOENIX CONTACT</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">OBO</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">DEHN</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">从北京图书馆联机检索到的德国电气工程师杂志</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">ETZ</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">上了解到在德国的市场上</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">PHOENIX CONTACT</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">和</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">DEHN</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">共同拥有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">78%</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的占有率,而</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">OBO</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">和其他大约</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">15</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">家生产厂商占有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">22%</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,而在欧洲市场上</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">PHOENIX CONTACT</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">大约占</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">45%</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的市场</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">DEHN</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">大约占</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">20%</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">OBO</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">占</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">9%</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、法国占</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">SOULE</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">占</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">8%</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">国际电工委员会</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">IEC</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">TC81</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">委员会是主管防雷保护的委员会,它颁布了许多的国际标准和规定。在</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">TC81</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">委员会的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">人执委中有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">PHOENIX CONTACT</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">和</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">DEHN</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">及澳大利亚、法国</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">SOULE</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">和英国</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">FURSE</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的科学家,并且在</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">TC81</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">下属的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">个工作组中有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">个组的组长是德国</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">PHOENIX CONTACT</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">公司的科学家,还有一个组的组长是澳大利亚的科学家。</span></p>
作者:
xiaoyihan
时间:
2006-8-18 17:56
<h2 align="center" style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><a name="_Toc489760709"></a><a name="_Toc480549687"></a><a name="_Toc480545648"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc480549687;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760709;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial;">第六章</span></span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc480545648;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc480549687;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760709;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><font face="Arial">
</font></span></span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc480545648;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc480549687;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760709;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial;">销售服务体系</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760709;"></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc480549687;"></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc480545648;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><p></p></span></h2><h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Toc489760710"></a><a name="_Toc480549688"></a><a name="_Toc480545649"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc480549688;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760710;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman" size="5">1</font></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc480545649;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc480549688;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760710;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font size="5">.售前的技术服务</font></span></span></span></span><a name="_Hlt488727602"></a></h3><p class="MsoNormalIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">本公司设有专门面向<a name="_Hlt488725152"></a>用户的工程、维修服务中心,技术中心的防雷工程师在用户的售前服务过程中负责向用户提供免费的技术服务。其中包括:</span></p><p class="MsoNormalIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 21.25pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">l<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">用户的技术咨询;</span></p><p class="MsoNormalIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 21.25pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">l<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">详细的现场勘察;</span></p><p class="MsoNormalIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 21.25pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">l<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">协助用户确定相应的保护设计的种类、数量;</span></p><p class="MsoNormalIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 21.25pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">l<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">电源容量的确定;</span></p><p class="MsoNormalIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 21.25pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">l<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">用户拟须防护现场的建议性设计方案;</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormalIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 21.25pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">l<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">确定合理安装场地;</span></p><p class="MsoNormalIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; tab-stops: list 21.25pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">l<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">相关及现场的技术培训。</span></p><h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Toc489760711"></a><a name="_Toc480549689"></a><a name="_Toc480545650"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc480549689;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760711;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman" size="5">2</font></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc480545650;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc480549689;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760711;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font size="5">.售中的技术服务</font></span></span></span></span></h3><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在前期的建议性设计方案得到用户首肯及前期的商务接洽落实后,开始在相应服务合同原则下的用户服务我们将向用户提供完整的设计定型方案及施工方案,基于我们的产品的应用特性,在产品的交付过程中,我们还辅以严格的雷击过压试验检测程序,以期确保向用户提供高可靠性和高质量的产品,达到确保用户的现场设备运行安全。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在设备的现场安装、调试完成后,我们将向用户提供相应的项目竣工报告,同时接受用户及相关方面检测验收,同时我们还将向用户进行现场运行维护及应急情况的基本培训。</span></p><h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><a name="_Toc489760712"></a><a name="_Toc480549690"></a><a name="_Toc480545651"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc480549690;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760712;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman" size="5">3</font></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc480545651;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc480549690;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc489760712;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font size="5">.售后的技术服务</font></span></span></span></span><a name="_Hlt488727608"></a></h3><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)产品保修期内免费维护</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">凡适配我们产品的用户,在满足使用环境和使用条件及按规定使用操作规范运行情况下发生故障或器件损坏等意外情况时,用户将享受对损坏的器件和故障进行免费的更换和检测调维护服务,免费运维期限三年。</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)服务形式</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">为了确保</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">机房雷电防护系统对所保护系统的业务能正常运行,我们配备专业工程师为您提供<span lang="EN-US">24</span>小时全方位服务。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)产品保修期后的维护服务</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在免费运维期结束,我们仍承担用户的维修责任,维修过程我们只收取元器件的更换费用和基本的服务费用。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)运维服务的响应时间</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 125%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在我们接到用户的运维服务通知后,将以最快的速度进行响应,根据用户的位置、距离及用户的运维要求制定维修方案,在无自然及人为等不可抗力因素影响下,本埠的现场响应时限在接到通知内三小时。</span></p><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">)本公司承诺对所售设备提供终身的维修服务。</span></b>
作者:
xiaoyihan
时间:
2006-8-18 17:57
<p><font color="#ff0000">另外发一个:《<strong><font size="4">关于机房防雷的几点认识</font></strong>》</font></p><p>雷击的种类 <br/> 电力线是雷电侵入的重要渠道,雷电袭击机房供电的电力线主要有三种方式,即:远点雷击、近点雷击和错相位雷击。 <br/> 1.远点雷击:即根据磁电转换原理电力供应线路上输送50赫兹的交变电流,线路随之产生交变的磁场,雷击击穿大气时产生高压电场,雷击高压电场通过静电吸收原理,向大地方向运动。在下雨天气,空气湿度增大,此时雷电较易击穿空气通过电力线的保护地入地,从而因较高的电压损毁用电设备。为此,防雷必须首先考虑远点雷击。 <br/> 2.近点雷击:雷电近点袭击电力线,实际上是雷电袭击用电设备所在的建筑物的避雷针,从而引起雷电电磁脉冲的保护问题。避雷针引下线由于电感作用,最大只能将50 %的电流引入大地。30米以上的楼体引下线只能引下较少电流,其余则通过地面有连接的水管,电力屏蔽槽等联合引雷,其中有25%击穿UPS输出负载的电源线及局域网线等设备后,通过逻辑地线入地。其中包括UPS的输入、输出的火线对地线端。为此,必须对UPS及重要用电设备如小型机、服务器等设备进行等电位保护,对网络端口进行保护,堵死一切雷电导入的端口,才能有效的保护设备免受雷电袭击。 <br/> 3.错相位雷击:一个高能量的雷击在一条火线上,一个低能量的雷击在另一条火线上,线线之间产生一个压差,从而侵入设备造成雷电的二次雷击称错位雷击,为此,对于UPS的输入和输出端也应安装保护。 <br/> 4.感应雷击:雷电击在建筑物避雷针上,通过避雷针的引下线对地泄放,电流在引下线由上而下产生一个旋转快速运动的磁场,从而因电磁感应在建筑物的线路上感应高压从而击毁传输设备。感应雷击能量较小但其电压较高,所以防护感应雷应全面进行防护,防护级别可略微降低。 <br/> 雷电对网络的危害 <br/> 广域网的雷害主要来自感应雷击,通常不受直击雷的破坏,因广域网线遭受高压雷电袭击时,其自身首先溶断。所以防护感应雷是广域网的防雷重点。 <br/> DDN专线及电话备份线最易遭受雷击,在此类线路的进口端均应安装防雷器。 <br/> 局域网虽然都在室内,但由于设备接口耐压很低,加之线路屏蔽、布线距离、布线方式等因素,感应雷击浪涌过压都可以通过网络对设备造成破坏,局域网的RJ45头因信号是一收一发,其保护应按2对线来对待。 <br/> 对于网线的布线从防雷角度应明确要求:电力线不能与网络线同槽铺设;广域网线不能与局域网线同槽架设。网线安装与墙壁有条件应留有一定距离。线路外安装屏蔽槽进行保护。 <br/> 防雷分区及等电位连接 <br/> 根据雷击在不同区域的电磁脉冲强度划分防雷区域,不同的区域界面进行等电位连接,能直接连接的金属物就直接相连,不能直接相连的如电力线和通信线路等,则必须科学分区,分级防护,后续设备实施等电位连接并以防雷设备来确保被保护设备的防护措施有效。 <br/> 防雷区域一般定义为闪电磁场环境需要限定和控制的区域,各区以在交界处的电磁环境有无明显的改变来作为划分不同防雷保护区域的特征。具体到我们拟进行的计算机信息系统防雷保护中,要根据计算机信息系统所在的建筑需要保护的空间来划分不同的防雷区域,以确定各防雷区空间的雷电电磁脉冲的强度,从而采取具体的防护措施和手段。 <br/> 防雷工作重点:不同的防雷区之间电磁强度不同,首先做好屏蔽措施,在一定程度上防止雷电电磁脉冲的侵入。在此基础上,做好穿越防雷区界面上不同线路的保护。 <br/> 一般是通过分流(Dividing)、均压(Bonding)、 接地(bonding)、 屏蔽(shielding)措施即DBSE技术进行综合防护。此项原则如能在防雷设计的初期被充分贯彻,其防护效果会事半功倍。</p>
作者:
zone2000
时间:
2006-8-25 11:09
辛苦了.兄弟!
作者:
IDEAWAN
时间:
2010-7-25 16:08
防雷一定要想办法做好,三级,
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