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标题:
常见布线系统屏蔽问题技术解答
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作者:
lan960
时间:
2007-10-11 16:29
标题:
常见布线系统屏蔽问题技术解答
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">屏蔽布线系统源于欧洲,它是在普通非屏蔽布线系统的外面加上金属屏蔽层,利用金属屏蔽层的反射、吸收及趋肤效应实现防止电磁干扰及电磁辐射的功能,屏蔽系统综合利用了双绞线的平衡原理及屏蔽层的屏蔽作用,因而具有非常好的电磁兼容(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">EMC</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">)特性。我们可以看到,在整个欧洲,大多数的最终用户会选择屏蔽布线系统。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
<p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">目前,屏蔽布线系统已经为越来越多的用户所认识,它在电磁兼容方面的良好性能也正在为越来越多的人所认可。所以,市场上的屏蔽布线产品已不只局限于欧洲产品,越来越多的厂商提供屏蔽布线产品。在最新发布的北美布线</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">TIA/EIA-568-B</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">标准中,屏蔽电缆和非屏蔽电缆同时被作为水平布线的推荐媒介,从而结束了北美没有屏蔽系统的历史。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
<p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">常见的屏蔽问题和解答</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
<p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">问:什么是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">EMC</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
<p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">答:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">EMC</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">是电磁兼容性,是指电子设备或网络系统具有一定的抵抗电磁干扰的能力,同时不能产生过量的电磁辐射。也就是说,要求该设备或网络系统能够在比较恶劣的电磁环境中正常工作,同时有不能辐射过量的电磁波干扰周围其它设备及网络的正常工作。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
<p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">问:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">UTP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">电缆是理想的平衡传输系统,为什么还要用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">FTP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">电缆?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
<p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">答:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">UTP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">电缆是通过芯线的双绞来达到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">EMC</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">性能,这意味着</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">EMI</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">首先被</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">UTP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">电缆所接收,随后才被抵消。但是,随着频率的提高,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">UTP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">EMC</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">性能将会下降。经过测量发现,将电缆双绞只能满足到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">30MHz</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">EMC</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">性能,对于更高的电磁干扰双绞线将无能为力。而到目前为止,大多数的实际网络应用的工作频率都低于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">30MHz</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
<p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">并且,理想的平衡传输系统是不存在的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">UTP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">电缆的平衡特性并不只取决于部件本身的质量(如绞对),而会受到周围环境的影响。因为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">UTP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">周围的金属、隐蔽的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">地</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">”</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">、施工中的牵拉、弯曲等等情况都会破坏其平衡特性,从而降低</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">EMC</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">性能。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
<p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">事实上,我们安装电缆是通常会将它穿入金属导管、塑料导管或者其他有着不同接地阻抗的保护中。所以,要获得持久不变的对地性能,只有一个解决方案:在所有芯线外加多一层铝箔进行接地。铝箔为脆弱的双绞芯线增加了保护,同时为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">UTP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">电缆人为的创造了一个平衡环境。这意味着基于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">FTP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">电缆的屏蔽解决方案是独立于环境的,即与环境无关。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">FTP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">是融合了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">UTP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">的平衡特性和施工灵活性和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">STP</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">的屏蔽效果,即平衡与屏蔽原理的完美结合。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"></span></p>
作者:
BJFLUKE
时间:
2007-10-12 09:55
学习,顶一下
作者:
kentxiao
时间:
2007-10-12 12:53
说的好,顶.
作者:
sar
时间:
2007-10-12 13:56
不错,希望能多多看到这方面的知识 <br/>
作者:
sky的天空
时间:
2007-10-15 13:04
<p>正好,也有个帖子想一起讨论一下这个话题。</p><p>关于非屏蔽和屏蔽系统,提供一个背景噪音测试的功能,这个功能可以测试线缆所处的位置空间的实际信号强度。</p><p>通过捕捉四周信号的强弱,可以判断铜缆布线的外界环境干扰情况。及时排除动力系统等干扰。</p><p> [attach]32936[/attach]</p><p></p><p>External Noise Measurements with WireScope Pro<br/>Agilent Technologies WireScope Pro includes the external noise measurement<br/>capability as part of its Alien Crosstalk Toolkit. This tool can be used to<br/>display and store external noise measurement data. External noise testing is<br/>performed continuously on a selected cable pair or other devices under test,<br/>with a refresh rate for each sweep of less than 3 seconds. With a maximum<br/>hold plot, it can capture the worst case measured external noise spikes over<br/>long periods of time.<br/>The IEEE Std 802.3an™-2006 standard (section 55.5.4.4) for port type<br/>10GBASE-T defines a receiver alien crosstalk noise tolerance of -141.9<br/>dBm/Hz (-81.9 dBm/MHz). Measurements are compared to the 10GBASE-T<br/>limits for quick assessment of possible impact on performance. Figure 2<br/>illustrates the noise measurement screen on the WireScope Pro with<br/>1000BASE-T network traffic on an adjacent cable relative to the 10GBASE-T<br/>alien crosstalk noise tolerance limit.</p><p>Advantages of Direct Noise Measurements<br/>Making direct noise measurements of a cabling link have a number of distinct advantages.<br/>• If the network is already operational, it is difficult, and at times impossible, to bring down network<br/>links for the purpose of performing alien crosstalk tests. Direct noise measurements allows the<br/>alien crosstalk caused by actual network traffic to be measured, as opposed to the alien crosstalk<br/>performance measurements using the field tester transmit signal.<br/>• It measures without producing any test signals, eliminating the unwanted crosstalk into adjacent<br/>‘live’ network links.<br/>• In some cases, RF noise in the environment, produced by sources other than alien crosstalk from<br/>adjacent links, may cause network performance degradation. This external noise measurement tool<br/>includes the effects from such contributors.<br/>• The external noise measurements can be performed over long periods of time; enabling the<br/>detection of sporadic surges in RF noise that can cause degradation in network performance.</p>
[此贴子已经被作者于2007-10-15 13:10:55编辑过]
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